IDENTIFICATION: Identification header IDENTIFICATION WIND CEILING VISIBILITY TEMP DEWPT SLP PRECIP PRECIP PRECIP PRECIP PCPHST SNOW SNOWFALL SNOWFALL SNOWFALL SNOWFALL WX-A PSWX-M PSWX-M PSWX-A PSWX-A RUNWAY SKY CONDITION SUN GRND EXT TEMP EXT TEMP PRESSURE PRES CHG WXV WXV WXV WXV WXV WXV WXV WX-M WX-M WX-M WX-M WX-M WX-M WX-M WND-SUPP WND-SUPP WND-SUPP GUST Name USAF NCDC Date HrMn I Type Dir Q I Spd Q Hgt Q I I Visby Q I Q Temp Q Dewpt Q Slp Q Pr Amt I Q Pr Amt I Q Pr Amt I Q Pr Amt I Q D C Q Dpth I Q Wteq I Q Pr Amt I Q Pr Amt I Q Pr Amt I Q Pr Amt I Q Wx Q C Q Pr Q C Q Pr Q C Q Pr Q C Q Pr Q Dr C Rvr Q Cv Op Q Cl Q Lo Q Hgt Q Mi Q Hi Q Dur Q Cd Q Pr I Temp Q Pr I Temp Q Alt Q Stp Q T Q 3Hr Q 24Hr Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q Wx Q T Pr Spd Q T Pr Spd Q T Pr Spd Q Spd Q CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700101,0000,E, SAO,020,5,N, 2.6,5,00610,4,9,N,012800,5,9,9, -1.7,4, -3.9,5,1018.8,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,06,06,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 993.6,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, 123456789012345678901234567890 123456 12345 12345678 1235 1 12345 123 1 12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345 CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700207,0900,E, SAO,190,5,N, 3.6,5,02438,4,9,N,009600,5,9,9, 0.0,4, -2.2,5,1027.8,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9,1002.4,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700207,1200,E, SAO,200,5,N, 5.2,5,00183,4,9,N,006400,5,9,9, -0.6,4, -2.2,5,1026.1,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9,1000.7,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700207,1500,E, SAO,160,5,N, 3.1,5,00091,4,9,N,001300,5,9,9, 0.0,4, -1.1,5,1024.7,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 999.3,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,56,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700207,1800,E, SAO,170,5,N, 2.1,5,00091,4,9,N,000800,5,9,9, 2.2,4, 0.6,5,1023.6,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 998.3,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700207,2100,E, SAO,190,5,N, 2.1,5,00091,4,9,N,004000,5,9,9, 2.8,4, 0.6,5,1021.9,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 996.6,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700208,0000,E, SAO,999,5,9, 0.0,5,00122,4,9,N,002400,5,9,9, 2.8,4, 0.6,5,1022.2,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 997.0,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700208,0300,E, SAO,999,5,9, 0.0,5,00091,4,9,N,001300,5,9,9, 2.2,4, 0.6,5,1023.0,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 997.6,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,51,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700208,0600,E, SAO,999,5,9, 0.0,5,00122,4,9,N,001600,5,9,9, 2.2,4, 0.6,5,1022.2,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 997.0,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700208,0900,E, SAO,999,5,9, 0.0,5,00091,4,9,N,003200,5,9,9, 2.2,4, 0.6,5,1021.4,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 996.3,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,61,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700208,1200,E, SAO,070,5,N, 1.5,5,00030,4,9,N,000400,5,9,9, 2.2,4, 1.1,5,1020.7,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 995.6,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,51,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700208,1500,E, SAO,120,5,N, 1.5,5,00152,4,9,N,001300,5,9,9, 2.2,4, 0.6,5,1020.3,4,01, 0.3,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 995.3,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,61,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700208,1800,E, SAO,010,5,N, 1.5,5,00122,4,9,N,001300,5,9,9, 1.7,4, 1.1,5,1018.7,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 993.6,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,71,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700208,2100,E, SAO,040,5,N, 4.1,5,00122,4,9,N,002400,5,9,9, 2.2,4, 0.6,5,1017.3,4,01, 0.3,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 992.2,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,61,5,71,5, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700209,0000,E, SAO,030,5,N, 3.1,5,00091,4,9,N,001600,5,9,9, 1.1,4, 0.0,5,1018.3,4,01, 0.8,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 993.2,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,71,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700209,0300,E, SAO,030,5,N, 5.2,5,00091,4,9,N,001600,5,9,9, 1.1,4, 0.0,5,1018.7,4,01, 0.5,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 993.6,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,71,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700209,0600,E, SAO,030,5,N, 5.7,5,00122,4,9,N,002000,5,9,9, 1.1,4, -0.6,5,1018.7,4,01, 0.3,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 993.6,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,04,5,45,5,71,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700209,0900,E, SAO,030,5,N, 6.7,5,00335,4,9,N,009600,5,9,9, 1.1,4, -1.1,5,1018.7,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 993.6,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,71,5, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, CHICAGO OHARE INTL AP ,999999,94846,19700209,1200,E, SAO,020,5,N, 7.2,5,00427,4,9,N,019200,5,9,9, 1.1,4, -1.7,5,1020.1,4,01, 0.0,9,5,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,9,9,9, 9999,9,9,99999.9,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9,99,999,9,9, ,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9, ,9,99,9,99,U,9999,9,08,08,5,99,9,99,9,99999,9,99,9,99,9,9999,9,99,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,99.9,9, 999.9,9,9999.9,9, 994.9,4,9,9,99.9,9, 99.9,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9,99,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9, ,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,9,99,999.9,9,999.9,9, NAME: Station Name Length:30 USAF: FIXED-WEATHER-STATION USAF MASTER STATION CATALOG identifier This identifier includes all surface reporting stations, including ships, buoys, etc. Length:6 Default Value:999999 NCDC: FIXED-WEATHER-STATION NCDC WBAN identifier This identifier includes all surface reporting stations. Length:5 Default Value:99999 DATE: GEOPHYSICAL-POINT-OBSERVATION date The date of a GEOPHYSICAL-POINT-OBSERVATION, comprised of integer values 0-9 in the format YYYYMMDD. Length:8 Default Value:99999999 HRMN: GEOPHYSICAL-POINT-OBSERVATION time The time of a GEOPHYSICAL-POINT-OBSERVATION based on Coordinated Universal Time Code (UTC). Comprised of integer values 0-9 in the format HHMM. HH is restricted to values 00-23; MM is restricted to values 00-59. Length:4 Default Value:9999 I: GEOPHYSICAL-POINT-OBSERVATION data source flag The flag of a GEOPHYSICAL-POINT-OBSERVATION showing the source or combination of sources used in creating the observation. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1 = DATSAV3 observation, candidate for merge with TD3280 (not yet merged, failed element comparison checks) 2 = TD3280 observation, candidate for merge with DATSAV3 (not yet merged, failed element comparison checks) 3 = DATSAV3/TD3280 merged observation 4 = DATSAV3 observation 5 = TD3280 observation A = DATSAV3/TD3240 merged observation, candidate for merge with TD3280 (not yet merged, failed element comparison checks) B = TD3280/TD3240 merged observation, candidate for merge with DATSAV3 (not yet merged, failed element comparison checks) C = DATSAV3/TD3280/TD3240 merged observation D = DATSAV3/TD3240 merged observation E = TD3280/TD3240 merged observation TYPE: GEOPHYSICAL-REPORT-TYPE code The code that denotes the type of geophysical surface observation. Length:5 Default Value:99999 Table of Values: FM-12 = SYNOP Report of surface observation form a fixed land station FM-13 = SHIP Report of surface observation from a sea station FM-14 = SYNOP MOBIL Report of surface observation from a mobile land station FM-15 = METAR Aviation routine weather report FM-16 = SPECI Aviation selected special weather report FM-18 = BUOY Report of a buoy observation SAO = Airways report (includes record specials) SAOSP = Airways special report (excluding record specials) AERO = Aerological report AUTO = Report from an automatic station SY-AE = Synoptic and aero merged report SY-SA = Synoptic and airways merged report SY-MT = Synoptic and METAR merged report SY-AU = Synoptic and auto merged report SA-AU = Airways and auto merged report S-S-A = Synoptic, airways, and auto merged report BOGUS = Bogus report SMARS = Supplementary airways station report WIND: Wind header DIR: WIND-OBSERVATION direction angle The angle, measured in a clockwise direction, between true north and the direction from which the wind is blowing. Length:3 Scale:1 Unit:Angular Degrees Default Value:999 Q: WIND-OBSERVATION direction quality code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported WIND-OBSERVATION direction angle. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present I: WIND-OBSERVATION type code The code that denotes the character of the WIND-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: C: Calm N: Normal Q: Squall V: Variable SPD: WIND-OBSERVATION speed rate The rate of horizontal travel of air past a fixed point. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Meters per second Default Value:9999 Q: WIND-OBSERVATION speed quality code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported WIND-OBSERVATION speed rate. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present CEILING: Ceiling header HGT: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION ceiling height dimension The height above ground level (AGL) of the lowest cloud or obscuring phenomena layer aloft with 5/8 or more summation total sky cover, which may be predominantly opaque, or the vertical visibility into a surface-based obstruction. Length:5 Scale:1 Unit:Meters, Unlimited = 22000. Default Value:99999 Q: SKY-CONDTION-OBSERVATION ceiling quality code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported ceiling height dimension. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present I: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION ceiling determination code The code that denotes the method used to determine the ceiling. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: A: Aircraft B: Balloon C: Statistically derived E: Estimated M: Measured R: Radar S: ASOS augmented W: Obscured I: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION CAVOK code Length:1 Default Value:N Table of Values: N: No Y: Yes VISIBILITY: Visibility header VISBY: VISIBILITY-OBSERVATION distance dimension The horizontal distance at which an object can be seen and identified. Length:6 Scale:1 Unit:Meters Default Value:999999 Q: VISIBILITY-OBSERVATION distance quality code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported distance of a visibility observation. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present I: VISIBILITY-OBSERVATION variability code The code that denotes whether or not the reported visibility is variable. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: N: Not variable V: Variable Q: VISIBILITY-OBSERVATION quality variability code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported VISIBILITY-OBSERVATION variability code. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present TEMP: Temperature header TEMP: AIR-TEMPERATURE-OBSERVATION air temperature The temperature of the air. Length:5 Scale:10 Unit:Degrees Celsius Default Value:+9999 Q: AIR-TEMPERATURE-OBSERVATION air temperature quality code The code that denotes a quality status of an AIR-TEMPERATURE-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present DEWPT: Dew point header DEWPT: AIR-TEMPERATURE-OBSERVATION dew point temperature The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled at constant pressure and water vapor content in order for saturation to occur. Length:5 Scale:10 Unit:Degrees Celsius Default Value:+9999 Q: AIR-TEMPERATURE-OBSERVATION dew point quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the reported dew point temperature. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present SLP: Sea level pressure header SLP: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-OBSERVATION sea level pressure The air pressure relative to Mean Sea Level (MSL). Length:5 Scale:10 Unit:Hectopascals Default Value:99999 Q: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-OBSERVATION sea level pressure quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the sea level pressure of an ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PRECIP: Precipitation header #1 PR: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION period quantity #1 The quantity of time over which the LIQUID-PRECIPITATION was measured. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 AMT: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION depth/amount #1 The depth of LIQUID-PRECIPITATION that is measured at the time of an observation. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Millimeters Default Value:9999 I: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION condition code #1 The code that denotes whether a LIQUID-PRECIPITATION amount was a trace value. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Trace Q: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION quality code #1 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported LIQUID-PRECIPITATION data. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PRECIP: Precipitation header #2 PR: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION period quantity #2 The quantity of time over which the LIQUID-PRECIPITATION was measured. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 AMT: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION depth/amount #2 The depth of LIQUID-PRECIPITATION that is measured at the time of an observation. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Millimeters Default Value:9999 I: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION condition code #2 The code that denotes whether a LIQUID-PRECIPITATION amount was a trace value. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Trace Q: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION quality code #2 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported LIQUID-PRECIPITATION data. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PRECIP: Precipitation header #3 PR: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION period quantity #3 The quantity of time over which the LIQUID-PRECIPITATION was measured. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 AMT: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION depth/amount #3 The depth of LIQUID-PRECIPITATION that is measured at the time of an observation. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Millimeters Default Value:9999 I: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION condition code #3 The code that denotes whether a LIQUID-PRECIPITATION amount was a trace value. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Trace Q: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION quality code #3 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported LIQUID-PRECIPITATION data. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PRECIP: Precipitation header #4 PR: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION period quantity #4 The quantity of time over which the LIQUID-PRECIPITATION was measured. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 AMT: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION depth/amount #4 The depth of LIQUID-PRECIPITATION that is measured at the time of an observation. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Millimeters Default Value:9999 I: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION condition code #4 The code that denotes whether a LIQUID-PRECIPITATION amount was a trace value. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Trace Q: LIQUID-PRECIPITATION quality code #4 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported LIQUID-PRECIPITATION data. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PCPHST: Precipitation history header D: PRECIPITATION-OBSERVATION-HISTORY duration code The code that denotes the duration of precipitation. Length:1 Scale:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Lasted less than 1 hour 1 = Lasted 1 - 3 hours 2 = Lasted 3 - 6 hours 3 = Lasted more than 6 hours C: PRECIPITATION-OBSERVATION-HISTORY characteristic code The code that denotes whether precipitation is continuous or intermittent. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: C = Continuous I = Intermittent Q: PRECIPITATION duration/characteristic quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the reported PRECIPITATION duration/characteristic. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present SNOW: Snow depth header DPTH: SNOW-DEPTH dimension The depth of snow and ice on the ground. Length:4 Scale:1 Unit:Centimeters Default Value:9999 I: SNOW-DEPTH condition code The code that denotes specific conditions associated with the measurement of snow in a PRECIPITATION-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Snow cover not continuous 3: Trace Q: SNOW-DEPTH quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SNOW-DEPTH data. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WTEQ: SNOW-DEPTH equivalent water depth dimension The depth of the liquid content of solid precipitation that has accumulated on the ground. Length:6 Scale:10 Unit:Millimeters Default Value:999999 I: SNOW-DEPTH equivalent water condition code The code that denotes specific conditions associated with the measurement of the SNOW-DEPTH. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Trace Q: SNOW-DEPTH equivalent water condition quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SNOW-DEPTH equivalent water condition. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present SNOWFALL: Snowfall header #1 PR: SNOW-ACCUMULATION period quantity #1 The quantity of time over which the SNOW-ACCUMULATION occurred. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 AMT: SNOW-ACCUMULATION depth dimension #1 The depth of a SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:3 Scale:1 Unit:Centimeters Default Value:999 I: SNOW-ACCUMULATION condition code #1 The code that denotes specific conditions associated with the measurement of the depth of a SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Snow cover not continuous 3: Trace Q: SNOW-ACCUMULATION quality code #1 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present SNOWFALL: Snowfall header #2 PR: SNOW-ACCUMULATION period quantity #2 The quantity of time over which the SNOW-ACCUMULATION occurred. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 AMT: SNOW-ACCUMULATION depth dimension #2 The depth of a SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:3 Scale:1 Unit:Centimeters Default Value:999 I: SNOW-ACCUMULATION condition code #2 The code that denotes specific conditions associated with the measurement of the depth of a SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Snow cover not continuous 3: Trace Q: SNOW-ACCUMULATION quality code #2 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present SNOWFALL: Snowfall header #3 PR: SNOW-ACCUMULATION period quantity #3 The quantity of time over which the SNOW-ACCUMULATION occurred. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 AMT: SNOW-ACCUMULATION depth dimension #3 The depth of a SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:3 Scale:1 Unit:Centimeters Default Value:999 I: SNOW-ACCUMULATION condition code #3 The code that denotes specific conditions associated with the measurement of the depth of a SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Snow cover not continuous 3: Trace Q: SNOW-ACCUMULATION quality code #3 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present SNOWFALL: Snowfall header #4 PR: SNOW-ACCUMULATION period quantity #4 The quantity of time over which the SNOW-ACCUMULATION occurred. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 AMT: SNOW-ACCUMULATION depth dimension #4 The depth of a SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:3 Scale:1 Unit:Centimeters Default Value:999 I: SNOW-ACCUMULATION condition code #4 The code that denotes specific conditions associated with the measurement of the depth of a SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1: Measurement impossible or inaccurate 2: Snow cover not continuous 3: Trace Q: SNOW-ACCUMULATION quality code #4 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SNOW-ACCUMULATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WX-A: Automated present weather header WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION automated atmospheric condition code The code that denotes a specific type of weather reported by an automated device. Length:2 Table of Values: 00: No significant weather observed 01: Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed 02: State of sky on the whole unchanged during the past hour 03: Clouds generally forming or developing during the past hour 04: Haze, smoke, or dust in suspension in the air, visibility equal to or greater than 1km 05: Smoke 10: Mist 11: Diamond dust 12: Distant lightning 18: Squalls (Code figures 20-26 are used to report precipitation, fog, or thunderstorm at the station during the preceding hour, but not at the time of observation.) 20: Fog 21: Precipitation 22: Drizzle (not freezing) or snow grains 23: Rain (not freezing) 24: Snow 25: Freezing drizzle or freezing rain 26: Thunderstorm (with or without precipitation) 27: Blowing or drifting snow or sand 28: Blowing or drifting snow or sand, visibility equal to or greater than 1 km 29: Blowing or drifting snow or sand, visibility less than 1 km 30: Fog 31: Fog or ice fog in patches 32: Fog or ice fog, has become thinner during the past hour 33: Fog or ice fog, no appreciable change during the past hour 34: Fog or ice fog, has begun or become thicker during the past hour 35: Fog, depositing rime 40: Precipitation 41: Precipitation, slight or moderate 42: Precipitation, heavy 43: Liquid precipitation, slight or moderate 44: Liquid precipitation, heavy 45: Solid precipitation, slight or moderate 46: Solid precipitation, heavy 47: Freezing precipitation, slight or moderate 48: Freezing precipitation, heavy 50: Drizzle 51: Drizzle, not freezing, slight 52: Drizzle, not freezing, moderate 53: Drizzle, not freezing, heavy 54: Drizzle, freezing, slight 55: Drizzle, freezing, moderate 56: Drizzle, freezing, heavy 57: Drizzle and rain, slight 58: Drizzle and rain, moderate or heavy 60: Rain 61: Rain, not freezing, slight 62: Rain, not freezing, moderate 63: Rain, not freezing, heavy 64: Rain, freezing, slight 65: Rain, freezing, moderate 66: Rain, freezing, heavy 67: Rain or drizzle and snow, slight 68: Rain or drizzle and snow, moderate or heavy 70: Snow 71: Snow, slight 72: Snow, moderate 73: Snow, heavy 74: Ice pellets, slight 75: Ice pellets, moderate 76: Ice pellets, heavy 80: Showers or intermittent precipitation 81: Rain showers or intermittent rain, slight 82: Rain showers or intermittent rain, moderate 83: Rain showers or intermittent rain, heavy 84: Rain showers or intermittent rain, violent 85: Snow showers or intermittent rain, slight 86: Snow showers or intermittent rain, moderate 87: Snow showers or intermittent rain, heavy 90: Thunderstorm 91: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with no precipitation 92: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with rain showers and/or snow showers 93: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with hail 94: Thunderstorm, heavy, with no precipitation 95: Thunderstorm, heavy, with rain showers and/or snow 96: Thunderstorm, heavy, with hail 99: Tornado Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality automated atmospheric condition code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather observation from an automated station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PSWX-M: Manual past weather header #1 C: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #1 The code that denotes a specific type of past weather observed manually. Length:1 Table of Values: 0: Cloud covering 1/2 or less of the sky throughout the appropriate period 1: Cloud covering more than 1/2 of the sky during part of the appropriate period and covering 1/2 or less during part of the period 2: Cloud covering more than 1/2 of the sky throughout the appropriate period 3: Sandstorm, duststorm or blowing snow 4: Fog or ice fog or thick haze 5: Drizzle 6: Rain 7: Snow, or rain and snow mixed 8: Shower(s) 9: Thunderstorm(s) with or without precipitation Q: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #1 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported past weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PR: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION period quantity #1-MAN The quantity of time over which a PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION occurred. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 Q: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION period quality code #1-MAN The code that denotes a quality status of a reported past weather period. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PSWX-M: Manual past weather header #2 C: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #2 The code that denotes a specific type of past weather observed manually. Length:1 Table of Values: 0: Cloud covering 1/2 or less of the sky throughout the appropriate period 1: Cloud covering more than 1/2 of the sky during part of the appropriate period and covering 1/2 or less during part of the period 2: Cloud covering more than 1/2 of the sky throughout the appropriate period 3: Sandstorm, duststorm or blowing snow 4: Fog or ice fog or thick haze 5: Drizzle 6: Rain 7: Snow, or rain and snow mixed 8: Shower(s) 9: Thunderstorm(s) with or without precipitation Q: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #2 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported past weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PR: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION period quantity #2-MAN The quantity of time over which a PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION occurred. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 Q: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION period quality code #2-MAN The code that denotes a quality status of a reported past weather period. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PSWX-A: Automated past weather header #1 C: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION automated atmospheric condition code #1 The code that denotes a specific type of past weather reported by an automated device. Length:1 Table of Values: 0: No significant weather observed 1: Visibility reduced 2: Blowing phenomena, visibility reduced 3: Fog 4: Precipitation 5: Drizzle 6: Rain 7: Snow or ice pellets 8: Showers or intermittent precipitation 9: Thunderstorm Q: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality automated atmospheric condition code #1 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported past weather observation from an automated station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PR: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION period quantity #1-AUTO The quantity of time over which a PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION occurred. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 Q: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION period quality code #1-AUTO The code that denotes a quality status of a reported past weather period. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PSWX-A: Automated past weather header #2 C: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION automated atmospheric condition code #2 The code that denotes a specific type of past weather reported by an automated device. Length:1 Table of Values: 0: No significant weather observed 1: Visibility reduced 2: Blowing phenomena, visibility reduced 3: Fog 4: Precipitation 5: Drizzle 6: Rain 7: Snow or ice pellets 8: Showers or intermittent precipitation 9: Thunderstorm Q: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality automated atmospheric condition code #2 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported past weather observation from an automated station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PR: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION period quantity #2-AUTO The quantity of time over which a PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION occurred. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 Q: PAST-WEATHER-OBSERVATION period quality code #2-AUTO The code that denotes a quality status of a reported past weather period. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present RUNWAY: Runway visual range header DR: RUNWAY-VISUAL-RANGE-OBSERVATION direction angle The angle as measured from magnetic north to the runway along which the visibility is observed. Length:2 Scale:1 Unit:Tens of degrees Default Value:99 C: RUNWAY-VISUAL-RANGE-OBSERVATION runway designator code The code that denotes the left, right or center runway as the one to which the visibility applies. Length:1 Default Value:U Table of Values: L = left C = center R = right U = unknown RVR: RUNWAY-VISUAL-RANGE-OBSERVATION visibility dimension The dimension of the horizontal distance that can be seen along the runway. Length:4 Scale:1 Unit:Meters Default Value:9999 Q: RUNWAY-VISUAL-RANGE-OBSERVATION quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the reported RUNWAY-VISUAL-RANGE-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present SKY CONDITION: Sky condition header CV: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION total coverage code The code that denotes the fraction of the total celestial dome covered by clouds or other obscuring phenomena. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: None, SKC or CLR 01: One okta - 1/10 or less but not zero 02: Two oktas - 2/10 - 3/10, or FEW 03: Three oktas - 4/10 04: Four oktas - 5/10, or SCT 05: Five oktas - 6/10 06: Six oktas - 7/10 - 8/10 07: Seven oktas - 9/10 or more but not 10/10, or BKN 08: Eight oktas - 10/10, or OVC 09: Sky obscured, or cloud amount cannot be estimated 10: Partial obscuration OP: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION total opaque coverage code The code that denotes the fraction of the total celestial dome covered by opaque clouds or other obscuring phenomena. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: None, SKC or CLR 01: One okta - 1/10 or less but not zero 02: Two oktas - 2/10 - 3/10, or FEW 03: Three oktas - 4/10 04: Four oktas - 5/10, or SCT 05: Five oktas - 6/10 06: Six oktas - 7/10 - 8/10 07: Seven oktas - 9/10 or more but not 10/10, or BKN 08: Eight oktas - 10/10, or OVC Q: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION quality total coverage code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported total sky coverage code. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present CL: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION total lowest cloud cover code The code that represents the fraction of the celestial dome covered by all low clouds present. If no low clouds are present; the code denotes the fraction covered by all middle level clouds present. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: None 01: One okta or 1/10 or less but not zero 02: Two oktas or 2/10 - 3/10 03: Three oktas or 4/10 04: Four oktas or 5/10 05: Five oktas or 6/10 06: Six oktas or 7/10 - 8/10 07: Seven oktas or 9/10 or more but not 10/10 08: Eight oktas or 10/10 09: Sky obscured, or cloud amount cannot be estimated Q: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION quality total lowest cloud cover code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported total lowest cloud cover code. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present LO: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION low cloud genus code The code that denotes a type of low cloud. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No low clouds 01: Cumulus humulis or Cumulus fractus other than of bad weather or both 02: Cumulus mediocris or congestus, with or without Cumulus of species fractus or humulis or Stratocumulus all having bases at the same level 03: Cumulonimbus calvus, with or without Cumulus, Stratocumulus or Stratus 04: Stratocumulus cumulogenitus 05: Stratocumulus other than Stratocumulus cumulogenitus 06: Stratus nebulosus or Stratus fractus other than of bad weather, or both 07: Stratus fractus or Cumulus fractus of bad weather, or both (pannus) usually below Altostratus or Nimbostratus 08: Cumulus and Stratocumulus other than Stratocumulus cumulogenitus, with bases at different levels 09: Cumulonimbus capillatus (often with an anvil), with or without Cumulonimbus calvus, Cumulus, Stratocumulus, Stratus or pannus Q: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION quality low cloud genus code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported low cloud type. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present HGT: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION lowest cloud base height dimension The height, above ground level (AGL), of the base of the lowest cloud. Length:5 Scale:1 Unit:Meters Default Value:99999 Q: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION lowest cloud base height quality code The code that denotes a quality status of a lowest cloud base height. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present MI: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION mid cloud genus code The code that denotes a type of middle level cloud. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No middle clouds 01: Altostratus translucidus 02: Altostratus opacus or Nimbostratus 03: Altocumulus translucidus at a single level 04: Patches (often lenticular) of Altocumulus translucidus, continually changing and occurring at one or more levels 05: Altocumulus translucidus in bands, or one or more layers of Altocumulus translucidus or opacus, progressively invading the sky; these Altocumulus clouds generally thicken as a whole 06: Altocumulus cumulogentis (or cumulonimbogentus) 07: Altocumulus translucidus or opacus in two or more layers, or Altocumulus opacus in a single layer, not progressively invading the sky, or Altocumulus with Altostratus or Nimbostratus 08: Altocumulus castellanus or floccus 09: Altocumulus of a chaotic sky; generally at several levels Q: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION quality mid cloud genus code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported mid cloud type. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present HI: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION high cloud genus code The code that denotes a type of high cloud. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No High Clouds 01: Cirrus fibratus, sometimes uncinus, not progressively invading the sky 02: Cirrus spissatus, in patches or entangled sheaves, which usually do not increase and sometimes seem to be the remains of the upper part of a Cumulonimbus; or Cirrus castellanus or floccus 03: Cirrus spissatus cumulonimbogenitus 04: Cirrus unicinus or fibratus, or both, progressively invading the sky; they generally thicken as a whole 05: Cirrus (often in bands) and Cirrostratus, or Cirrostratus alone, progressively invading the sky; they generally thicken as a whole, but the continuous veil does not reach 45 degrees above the horizon 06: Cirrus (often in bands) and Cirrostratus, or Cirrostratus alone, progressively invading the sky; they generally thicken as a whole; the continuous veil extends more than 45 degrees above the horizon, without the sky being totally covered. 07: Cirrostratus covering the whole sky 08: Cirrostratus not progressively invading the sky and not entirely covering it 09: Cirrocumulus alone, or Cirrocumulus predominant among the High clouds Q: SKY-CONDITION-OBSERVATION quality high cloud genus code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported high cloud type. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present SUN: Sunshine header DUR: SUNSHINE-OBSERVATION sunshine duration quantity The quantity of time sunshine occurred over the reporting period. Length:4 Scale:1 Unit:Minutes Default Value:9999 Q: SUNSHINE-OBSERVATION sunshine duration quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SUNSHINE-OBSERVATION sunshine duration. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present GRND: Ground condition header CD: GROUND-SURFACE-OBSERVATION code Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: NOTE: Code values 10-19 indicate the state of the ground without snow or measurable ice cover. 00: Surface of ground dry (no appreciable amount of dust or loose sand) 01: Surface of ground dry (without cracks and no appreciable amount of dust or loose sand and without snow or measurable ice cover) 02: Extremely dry with cracks (without snow or measurable ice cover) 03: Loose dry dust or sand not covering ground completely (without snow or measurable ice cover) 04: Loose dry dust or sand covering more than one-half of ground (but not completely) 05: Loose dry dust or sand covering ground completely 06: Thin cover of loose dry dust or sand covering ground completely (without snow or measurable ice cover) 07: Moderate or thick cover of loose dry dust or sand covering ground completely (without snow or measurable ice cover) 08: Surface of ground moist 09: Surface of ground moist (without snow or measurable ice cover) 10: Surface of ground wet (standing water in small or large pools on surface) 11: Surface of ground wet (standing water in small or large pools on surface without snow or measurable ice cover) 12: Flooded (without snow or measurable ice cover) 13: Surface of ground frozen 14: Surface of ground frozen (without snow or measurable ice cover) 15: Glaze or ice on ground, but no snow or melting snow 16: Glaze on ground (without snow or measurable ice cover) 17: Ground predominantly covered by ice 18: Snow or melting snow (with or without ice) covering less than one-half of the ground 19: Snow or melting snow (with or without ice) covering more than one-half of the ground but ground not completely covered 20: Snow or melting snow (with or without ice) covering ground completely 21: Loose dry snow covering less than one-half of the ground 22: Loose dry snow covering at least one half of the ground (but not completely) 23: Even layer of loose dry snow covering ground completely 24: Uneven layer of loose dry snow covering ground completely 25: Compact or wet snow (with or without ice) covering less than one-half of the ground 26: Compact or wet snow (with or without ice) covering at least one-half of the ground but ground not completely covered 27: Even layer of compact or wet snow covering ground completely 28: Uneven layer of compact or wet snow covering ground completely 29: Snow covering ground completely; deep drifts 30. Lose dry dust or sand covering one-half of the ground (but not completely) 31. Loose dry snow, dust or sand covering ground completely Q: GROUND-SURFACE-OBSERVATION code quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the reported GROUND-SURFACE-OBSERVATION code. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present EXT TEMP: Max-min temperature header #1 PR: EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE period quantity #1 The quantity of time over which temperatures were sampled to determine the EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE. Length:3 Scale:10 Unit:Hours Default Value:999 I: EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE code #1 The code that denotes an EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE as a maximum or a minimum. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: N: Minimum temperature M: Maximum temperature TEMP: EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE temperature #1 The temperature of the high or low air temperature for a given period. Length:5 Scale:10 Unit:Degrees Celsius Default Value:+9999 Q: EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE temperature quality code #1 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE temperature. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present EXT TEMP: Max-min temperature header #2 PR: EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE period quantity #2 The quantity of time over which temperatures were sampled to determine the EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE. Length:3 Scale:10 Unit:Hours Default Value:999 I: EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE code #2 The code that denotes an EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE as a maximum or a minimum. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: N: Minimum temperature M: Maximum temperature TEMP: EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE temperature #2 The temperature of the high or low air temperature for a given period. Length:5 Scale:10 Unit:Degrees Celsius Default Value:+9999 Q: EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE temperature quality code #2 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported EXTREME-AIR-TEMPERATURE temperature. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PRESSURE: Pressure header ALT: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-OBSERVATION altimeter setting The pressure value to which an aircraft altimeter is set so that it will indicate the altitude relative to mean sea level of an aircraft on the ground at the location for which the value was determined. Length:5 Scale:10 Unit:Hectopascals Default Value:99999 Q: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-OBSERVATION altimeter quality code The code that denotes a quality status of an altimeter setting rate. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present STP: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-OBSERVATION station pressure The atmospheric pressure at the observation point. Length:5 Scale:10 Unit:Hectopascals Default Value:99999 Q: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-OBSERVATION station pressure quality code The code that denotes a quality status of the station pressure of an ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present PRES CHG: Pressure change header T: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE tendency code The code that denotes the characteristics of an ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE that occurs over a period of three hours. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0: Increasing, then decreasing; atmospheric pressure the same or higher than 3 hours ago 1: Increasing then steady; or increasing, then increasing more slowly; atmospheric pressure now higher than 3 hours ago 2: Increasing (steadily or unsteadily); atmospheric pressure now higher than 3 hours ago 3: Decreasing or steady, then increasing; or increasing, then increasing more rapidly; atmospheric pressure now higher than 3 hours ago 4: Steady; atmospheric pressure the same as 3 hours ago 5: Decreasing, then increasing; atmospheric pressure the same or lower than 3 hours ago 6: Decreasing, then steady; or decreasing, then decreasing more slowly; atmospheric pressure now lower than 3 hours ago 7: Decreasing (steadily or unsteadily); atmospheric pressure now lower than 3 hours ago 8: Steady or increasing, then decreasing; or decreasing, then decreasing more rapidly; atmospheric pressure now lower than 3 hours ago Q: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE quality tendency code The code that denotes a quality status of the tendency of an ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present 3HR: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE three hour quantity The absolute value of the quantity of change in atmospheric pressure measured at the beginning and end of a three hour period. Length:3 Scale:10 Unit:Hectopascals Default Value:999 Q: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE quality three hour code The code that denotes the quality status of the three hour quantity for an ATMOPSHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present 24HR: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE twenty four hour quantity The quantity of change in atmospheric pressure measured at the beginning and end of a twenty four hour period. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Hectopascals Default Value:+999 Q: ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE quality twenty four hour code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported twenty four hour ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE-CHANGE. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WXV: Present weather in vicinity header #1 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION atmospheric condition code #1 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed between 5 and 10 statute miles of the station at the time of observation. Observed at selected stations from July 1, 1996 to present. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No observation 01: Thunderstorm in vicinity 02: Showers in vicinity 03: Sandstorm in vicinity 04: Sand / dust whirls in vicinity 05: Duststorm in vicinity 06: Blowing snow in vicinity 07: Blowing sand in vicinity 08: Blowing dust in vicinity 09: Fog in vicinity Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION quality atmospheric condition code #1 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather in vicinity observation from a station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WXV: Present weather in vicinity header #2 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION atmospheric condition code #2 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed between 5 and 10 statute miles of the station at the time of observation. Observed at selected stations from July 1, 1996 to present. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No observation 01: Thunderstorm in vicinity 02: Showers in vicinity 03: Sandstorm in vicinity 04: Sand / dust whirls in vicinity 05: Duststorm in vicinity 06: Blowing snow in vicinity 07: Blowing sand in vicinity 08: Blowing dust in vicinity 09: Fog in vicinity Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION quality atmospheric condition code #2 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather in vicinity observation from a station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WXV: Present weather in vicinity header #3 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION atmospheric condition code #3 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed between 5 and 10 statute miles of the station at the time of observation. Observed at selected stations from July 1, 1996 to present. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No observation 01: Thunderstorm in vicinity 02: Showers in vicinity 03: Sandstorm in vicinity 04: Sand / dust whirls in vicinity 05: Duststorm in vicinity 06: Blowing snow in vicinity 07: Blowing sand in vicinity 08: Blowing dust in vicinity 09: Fog in vicinity Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION quality atmospheric condition code #3 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather in vicinity observation from a station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WXV: Present weather in vicinity header #4 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION atmospheric condition code #4 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed between 5 and 10 statute miles of the station at the time of observation. Observed at selected stations from July 1, 1996 to present. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No observation 01: Thunderstorm in vicinity 02: Showers in vicinity 03: Sandstorm in vicinity 04: Sand / dust whirls in vicinity 05: Duststorm in vicinity 06: Blowing snow in vicinity 07: Blowing sand in vicinity 08: Blowing dust in vicinity 09: Fog in vicinity Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION quality atmospheric condition code #4 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather in vicinity observation from a station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WXV: Present weather in vicinity header #5 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION atmospheric condition code #5 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed between 5 and 10 statute miles of the station at the time of observation. Observed at selected stations from July 1, 1996 to present. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No observation 01: Thunderstorm in vicinity 02: Showers in vicinity 03: Sandstorm in vicinity 04: Sand / dust whirls in vicinity 05: Duststorm in vicinity 06: Blowing snow in vicinity 07: Blowing sand in vicinity 08: Blowing dust in vicinity 09: Fog in vicinity Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION quality atmospheric condition code #5 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather in vicinity observation from a station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WXV: Present weather in vicinity header #6 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION atmospheric condition code #6 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed between 5 and 10 statute miles of the station at the time of observation. Observed at selected stations from July 1, 1996 to present. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No observation 01: Thunderstorm in vicinity 02: Showers in vicinity 03: Sandstorm in vicinity 04: Sand / dust whirls in vicinity 05: Duststorm in vicinity 06: Blowing snow in vicinity 07: Blowing sand in vicinity 08: Blowing dust in vicinity 09: Fog in vicinity Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION quality atmospheric condition code #6 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather in vicinity observation from a station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WXV: Present weather in vicinity header #7 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION atmospheric condition code #7 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed between 5 and 10 statute miles of the station at the time of observation. Observed at selected stations from July 1, 1996 to present. Length:2 Default Value:99 Table of Values: 00: No observation 01: Thunderstorm in vicinity 02: Showers in vicinity 03: Sandstorm in vicinity 04: Sand / dust whirls in vicinity 05: Duststorm in vicinity 06: Blowing snow in vicinity 07: Blowing sand in vicinity 08: Blowing dust in vicinity 09: Fog in vicinity Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-IN-VICINITY-OBSERVATION quality atmospheric condition code #7 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather in vicinity observation from a station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WX-M: Manual present weather header #1 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #1 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed manually. Length:2 Table of Values: 00-49 No precipitation at the station at the time of observation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00-19 No precipitation, fog, ice fog (except for 11 and 12), duststorm, sandstorm, drifting or blowing snow at the station at the time of observation or, except for 09 and 17, during the preceding hour. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00: Cloud development not observed or not observable 01: Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed 02: State of sky on the whole unchanged 03: Clouds generally forming or developing 04: Visibility reduced by smoke, e.g. veldt or forest fires, industrial smoke or volcanic ashes 05: Haze 06: Widespread dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation 07: Dust or sand raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation, but no well-developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s), and no duststorm or sandstorm seen or, in the case of ships, blowing spray at the station 08: Well developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s) seen at or near the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation, but no duststorm or sandstorm 09: Duststorm or sandstorm within sight at the time of observation, or at the station during the preceding hour 10: Mist 11: Patches of shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 12: More or less continuous shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 13: Lightning visible, no thunder heard 14: Precipitation within sight, not reaching the ground or the surface of the sea 15: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, but distant, i.e., estimated to be more than 5 km from the station 16: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, near to, but not at the station 17: Thunderstorm, but no precipitation at the time of observation 18: Squalls at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation 19: Funnel cloud(s) (Tornado cloud or waterspout) at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20-29 Precipitation, fog, ice fog or thunderstorm at the station during the preceding hour, but not at the time of observation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20: Drizzle (not freezing) or snow grains not falling as shower(s) 21: Rain (not freezing) not falling as shower(s) 22: Snow not falling as shower(s) 23: Rain and snow or ice pellets not falling as shower(s) 24: Freezing drizzle or freezing rain not falling as shower(s) 25: Shower(s) of rain 26: Shower(s) of snow or of rain and snow 27: Shower(s) of hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), or rain and hail 28: Fog or ice fog 29: Thunderstorm (with or without precipitation) 30: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 31: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 32: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 33: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 34: Severe duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 35: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 36: Slight or moderate drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 37: Heavy drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 38: Slight or moderate blowing snow generally high (above eye level) 39: Heavy blowing snow generally high (above eye level) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40-49 Fog or ice fog at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40: Fog or ice fog at a distance at the time of observation, but not at the station during the preceding hour, the fog or ice fog extending to a level above that of the observer 41: Fog or ice fog in patches 42: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 43: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 44: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 45: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 46: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 47: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 48: Fog, depositing rime, sky visible 49: Fog, depositing rime, sky invisible ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-99 Precipitation at the station at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-59 Drizzle ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 51: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 52: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 53: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 54: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, heavy (dense) at time of observation 55: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, heavy (dense) at time of observation 56: Drizzle, freezing, slight 57: Drizzle, freezing, moderate or heavy (dense) 58: Drizzle and rain, slight 59: Drizzle and rain, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60-69: Rain ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 61: Rain, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 62: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 63: Rain, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 64: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, heavy at time of observation 65: Rain, not freezing, continuous, heavy at time of observation 66: Rain, freezing, slight 67: Rain, freezing, moderate or heavy 68: Rain or drizzle and snow, slight 69: Rain or drizzle and snow, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70-79 Solid precipitation not in showers ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 71: Continuous fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 72: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 73: Continuous fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 74: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 75: Continuous fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 76: Diamond dust (with or without fog) 77: Snow grains (with or without fog) 78: Isolated star-like snow crystals (with or without fog) 79: Ice pellets ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80-99 Showery precipitation, or precipitation with current or recent thunderstorm ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80: Rain shower(s), slight 81: Rain shower(s), moderate or heavy 82: Rain shower(s), violent 83: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, slight 84: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 85: Show shower(s), slight 86: Snow shower(s), moderate or heavy 87: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, slight 88: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 89: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) , with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, slight 90: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets), with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, moderate or heavy 91: Slight rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 92: Moderate or heavy rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 93: Slight snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 94: Moderate or heavy snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail(Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 95: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 96: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 97: Thunderstorm, heavy, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 98: Thunderstorm combined with duststorm or sandstorm at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 99: Thunderstorm, heavy, with hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #1 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WX-M: Manual present weather header #2 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #2 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed manually. Length:2 Table of Values: 00-49 No precipitation at the station at the time of observation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00-19 No precipitation, fog, ice fog (except for 11 and 12), duststorm, sandstorm, drifting or blowing snow at the station at the time of observation or, except for 09 and 17, during the preceding hour. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00: Cloud development not observed or not observable 01: Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed 02: State of sky on the whole unchanged 03: Clouds generally forming or developing 04: Visibility reduced by smoke, e.g. veldt or forest fires, industrial smoke or volcanic ashes 05: Haze 06: Widespread dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation 07: Dust or sand raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation, but no well-developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s), and no duststorm or sandstorm seen or, in the case of ships, blowing spray at the station 08: Well developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s) seen at or near the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation, but no duststorm or sandstorm 09: Duststorm or sandstorm within sight at the time of observation, or at the station during the preceding hour 10: Mist 11: Patches of shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 12: More or less continuous shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 13: Lightning visible, no thunder heard 14: Precipitation within sight, not reaching the ground or the surface of the sea 15: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, but distant, i.e., estimated to be more than 5 km from the station 16: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, near to, but not at the station 17: Thunderstorm, but no precipitation at the time of observation 18: Squalls at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation 19: Funnel cloud(s) (Tornado cloud or waterspout) at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20-29 Precipitation, fog, ice fog or thunderstorm at the station during the preceding hour, but not at the time of observation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20: Drizzle (not freezing) or snow grains not falling as shower(s) 21: Rain (not freezing) not falling as shower(s) 22: Snow not falling as shower(s) 23: Rain and snow or ice pellets not falling as shower(s) 24: Freezing drizzle or freezing rain not falling as shower(s) 25: Shower(s) of rain 26: Shower(s) of snow or of rain and snow 27: Shower(s) of hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), or rain and hail 28: Fog or ice fog 29: Thunderstorm (with or without precipitation) 30: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 31: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 32: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 33: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 34: Severe duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 35: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 36: Slight or moderate drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 37: Heavy drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 38: Slight or moderate blowing snow generally high (above eye level) 39: Heavy blowing snow generally high (above eye level) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40-49 Fog or ice fog at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40: Fog or ice fog at a distance at the time of observation, but not at the station during the preceding hour, the fog or ice fog extending to a level above that of the observer 41: Fog or ice fog in patches 42: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 43: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 44: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 45: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 46: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 47: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 48: Fog, depositing rime, sky visible 49: Fog, depositing rime, sky invisible ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-99 Precipitation at the station at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-59 Drizzle ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 51: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 52: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 53: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 54: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, heavy (dense) at time of observation 55: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, heavy (dense) at time of observation 56: Drizzle, freezing, slight 57: Drizzle, freezing, moderate or heavy (dense) 58: Drizzle and rain, slight 59: Drizzle and rain, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60-69: Rain ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 61: Rain, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 62: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 63: Rain, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 64: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, heavy at time of observation 65: Rain, not freezing, continuous, heavy at time of observation 66: Rain, freezing, slight 67: Rain, freezing, moderate or heavy 68: Rain or drizzle and snow, slight 69: Rain or drizzle and snow, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70-79 Solid precipitation not in showers ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 71: Continuous fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 72: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 73: Continuous fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 74: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 75: Continuous fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 76: Diamond dust (with or without fog) 77: Snow grains (with or without fog) 78: Isolated star-like snow crystals (with or without fog) 79: Ice pellets ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80-99 Showery precipitation, or precipitation with current or recent thunderstorm ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80: Rain shower(s), slight 81: Rain shower(s), moderate or heavy 82: Rain shower(s), violent 83: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, slight 84: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 85: Show shower(s), slight 86: Snow shower(s), moderate or heavy 87: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, slight 88: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 89: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) , with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, slight 90: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets), with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, moderate or heavy 91: Slight rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 92: Moderate or heavy rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 93: Slight snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 94: Moderate or heavy snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail(Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 95: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 96: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 97: Thunderstorm, heavy, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 98: Thunderstorm combined with duststorm or sandstorm at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 99: Thunderstorm, heavy, with hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #2 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WX-M: Manual present weather header #3 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #3 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed manually. Length:2 Table of Values: 00-49 No precipitation at the station at the time of observation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00-19 No precipitation, fog, ice fog (except for 11 and 12), duststorm, sandstorm, drifting or blowing snow at the station at the time of observation or, except for 09 and 17, during the preceding hour. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00: Cloud development not observed or not observable 01: Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed 02: State of sky on the whole unchanged 03: Clouds generally forming or developing 04: Visibility reduced by smoke, e.g. veldt or forest fires, industrial smoke or volcanic ashes 05: Haze 06: Widespread dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation 07: Dust or sand raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation, but no well-developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s), and no duststorm or sandstorm seen or, in the case of ships, blowing spray at the station 08: Well developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s) seen at or near the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation, but no duststorm or sandstorm 09: Duststorm or sandstorm within sight at the time of observation, or at the station during the preceding hour 10: Mist 11: Patches of shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 12: More or less continuous shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 13: Lightning visible, no thunder heard 14: Precipitation within sight, not reaching the ground or the surface of the sea 15: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, but distant, i.e., estimated to be more than 5 km from the station 16: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, near to, but not at the station 17: Thunderstorm, but no precipitation at the time of observation 18: Squalls at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation 19: Funnel cloud(s) (Tornado cloud or waterspout) at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20-29 Precipitation, fog, ice fog or thunderstorm at the station during the preceding hour, but not at the time of observation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20: Drizzle (not freezing) or snow grains not falling as shower(s) 21: Rain (not freezing) not falling as shower(s) 22: Snow not falling as shower(s) 23: Rain and snow or ice pellets not falling as shower(s) 24: Freezing drizzle or freezing rain not falling as shower(s) 25: Shower(s) of rain 26: Shower(s) of snow or of rain and snow 27: Shower(s) of hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), or rain and hail 28: Fog or ice fog 29: Thunderstorm (with or without precipitation) 30: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 31: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 32: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 33: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 34: Severe duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 35: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 36: Slight or moderate drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 37: Heavy drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 38: Slight or moderate blowing snow generally high (above eye level) 39: Heavy blowing snow generally high (above eye level) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40-49 Fog or ice fog at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40: Fog or ice fog at a distance at the time of observation, but not at the station during the preceding hour, the fog or ice fog extending to a level above that of the observer 41: Fog or ice fog in patches 42: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 43: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 44: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 45: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 46: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 47: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 48: Fog, depositing rime, sky visible 49: Fog, depositing rime, sky invisible ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-99 Precipitation at the station at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-59 Drizzle ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 51: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 52: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 53: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 54: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, heavy (dense) at time of observation 55: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, heavy (dense) at time of observation 56: Drizzle, freezing, slight 57: Drizzle, freezing, moderate or heavy (dense) 58: Drizzle and rain, slight 59: Drizzle and rain, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60-69: Rain ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 61: Rain, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 62: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 63: Rain, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 64: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, heavy at time of observation 65: Rain, not freezing, continuous, heavy at time of observation 66: Rain, freezing, slight 67: Rain, freezing, moderate or heavy 68: Rain or drizzle and snow, slight 69: Rain or drizzle and snow, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70-79 Solid precipitation not in showers ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 71: Continuous fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 72: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 73: Continuous fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 74: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 75: Continuous fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 76: Diamond dust (with or without fog) 77: Snow grains (with or without fog) 78: Isolated star-like snow crystals (with or without fog) 79: Ice pellets ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80-99 Showery precipitation, or precipitation with current or recent thunderstorm ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80: Rain shower(s), slight 81: Rain shower(s), moderate or heavy 82: Rain shower(s), violent 83: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, slight 84: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 85: Show shower(s), slight 86: Snow shower(s), moderate or heavy 87: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, slight 88: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 89: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) , with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, slight 90: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets), with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, moderate or heavy 91: Slight rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 92: Moderate or heavy rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 93: Slight snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 94: Moderate or heavy snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail(Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 95: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 96: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 97: Thunderstorm, heavy, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 98: Thunderstorm combined with duststorm or sandstorm at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 99: Thunderstorm, heavy, with hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #3 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WX-M: Manual present weather header #4 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #4 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed manually. Length:2 Table of Values: 00-49 No precipitation at the station at the time of observation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00-19 No precipitation, fog, ice fog (except for 11 and 12), duststorm, sandstorm, drifting or blowing snow at the station at the time of observation or, except for 09 and 17, during the preceding hour. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00: Cloud development not observed or not observable 01: Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed 02: State of sky on the whole unchanged 03: Clouds generally forming or developing 04: Visibility reduced by smoke, e.g. veldt or forest fires, industrial smoke or volcanic ashes 05: Haze 06: Widespread dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation 07: Dust or sand raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation, but no well-developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s), and no duststorm or sandstorm seen or, in the case of ships, blowing spray at the station 08: Well developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s) seen at or near the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation, but no duststorm or sandstorm 09: Duststorm or sandstorm within sight at the time of observation, or at the station during the preceding hour 10: Mist 11: Patches of shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 12: More or less continuous shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 13: Lightning visible, no thunder heard 14: Precipitation within sight, not reaching the ground or the surface of the sea 15: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, but distant, i.e., estimated to be more than 5 km from the station 16: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, near to, but not at the station 17: Thunderstorm, but no precipitation at the time of observation 18: Squalls at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation 19: Funnel cloud(s) (Tornado cloud or waterspout) at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20-29 Precipitation, fog, ice fog or thunderstorm at the station during the preceding hour, but not at the time of observation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20: Drizzle (not freezing) or snow grains not falling as shower(s) 21: Rain (not freezing) not falling as shower(s) 22: Snow not falling as shower(s) 23: Rain and snow or ice pellets not falling as shower(s) 24: Freezing drizzle or freezing rain not falling as shower(s) 25: Shower(s) of rain 26: Shower(s) of snow or of rain and snow 27: Shower(s) of hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), or rain and hail 28: Fog or ice fog 29: Thunderstorm (with or without precipitation) 30: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 31: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 32: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 33: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 34: Severe duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 35: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 36: Slight or moderate drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 37: Heavy drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 38: Slight or moderate blowing snow generally high (above eye level) 39: Heavy blowing snow generally high (above eye level) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40-49 Fog or ice fog at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40: Fog or ice fog at a distance at the time of observation, but not at the station during the preceding hour, the fog or ice fog extending to a level above that of the observer 41: Fog or ice fog in patches 42: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 43: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 44: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 45: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 46: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 47: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 48: Fog, depositing rime, sky visible 49: Fog, depositing rime, sky invisible ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-99 Precipitation at the station at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-59 Drizzle ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 51: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 52: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 53: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 54: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, heavy (dense) at time of observation 55: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, heavy (dense) at time of observation 56: Drizzle, freezing, slight 57: Drizzle, freezing, moderate or heavy (dense) 58: Drizzle and rain, slight 59: Drizzle and rain, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60-69: Rain ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 61: Rain, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 62: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 63: Rain, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 64: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, heavy at time of observation 65: Rain, not freezing, continuous, heavy at time of observation 66: Rain, freezing, slight 67: Rain, freezing, moderate or heavy 68: Rain or drizzle and snow, slight 69: Rain or drizzle and snow, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70-79 Solid precipitation not in showers ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 71: Continuous fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 72: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 73: Continuous fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 74: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 75: Continuous fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 76: Diamond dust (with or without fog) 77: Snow grains (with or without fog) 78: Isolated star-like snow crystals (with or without fog) 79: Ice pellets ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80-99 Showery precipitation, or precipitation with current or recent thunderstorm ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80: Rain shower(s), slight 81: Rain shower(s), moderate or heavy 82: Rain shower(s), violent 83: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, slight 84: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 85: Show shower(s), slight 86: Snow shower(s), moderate or heavy 87: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, slight 88: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 89: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) , with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, slight 90: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets), with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, moderate or heavy 91: Slight rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 92: Moderate or heavy rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 93: Slight snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 94: Moderate or heavy snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail(Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 95: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 96: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 97: Thunderstorm, heavy, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 98: Thunderstorm combined with duststorm or sandstorm at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 99: Thunderstorm, heavy, with hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #4 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WX-M: Manual present weather header #5 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #5 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed manually. Length:2 Table of Values: 00-49 No precipitation at the station at the time of observation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00-19 No precipitation, fog, ice fog (except for 11 and 12), duststorm, sandstorm, drifting or blowing snow at the station at the time of observation or, except for 09 and 17, during the preceding hour. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00: Cloud development not observed or not observable 01: Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed 02: State of sky on the whole unchanged 03: Clouds generally forming or developing 04: Visibility reduced by smoke, e.g. veldt or forest fires, industrial smoke or volcanic ashes 05: Haze 06: Widespread dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation 07: Dust or sand raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation, but no well-developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s), and no duststorm or sandstorm seen or, in the case of ships, blowing spray at the station 08: Well developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s) seen at or near the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation, but no duststorm or sandstorm 09: Duststorm or sandstorm within sight at the time of observation, or at the station during the preceding hour 10: Mist 11: Patches of shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 12: More or less continuous shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 13: Lightning visible, no thunder heard 14: Precipitation within sight, not reaching the ground or the surface of the sea 15: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, but distant, i.e., estimated to be more than 5 km from the station 16: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, near to, but not at the station 17: Thunderstorm, but no precipitation at the time of observation 18: Squalls at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation 19: Funnel cloud(s) (Tornado cloud or waterspout) at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20-29 Precipitation, fog, ice fog or thunderstorm at the station during the preceding hour, but not at the time of observation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20: Drizzle (not freezing) or snow grains not falling as shower(s) 21: Rain (not freezing) not falling as shower(s) 22: Snow not falling as shower(s) 23: Rain and snow or ice pellets not falling as shower(s) 24: Freezing drizzle or freezing rain not falling as shower(s) 25: Shower(s) of rain 26: Shower(s) of snow or of rain and snow 27: Shower(s) of hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), or rain and hail 28: Fog or ice fog 29: Thunderstorm (with or without precipitation) 30: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 31: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 32: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 33: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 34: Severe duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 35: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 36: Slight or moderate drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 37: Heavy drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 38: Slight or moderate blowing snow generally high (above eye level) 39: Heavy blowing snow generally high (above eye level) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40-49 Fog or ice fog at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40: Fog or ice fog at a distance at the time of observation, but not at the station during the preceding hour, the fog or ice fog extending to a level above that of the observer 41: Fog or ice fog in patches 42: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 43: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 44: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 45: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 46: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 47: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 48: Fog, depositing rime, sky visible 49: Fog, depositing rime, sky invisible ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-99 Precipitation at the station at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-59 Drizzle ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 51: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 52: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 53: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 54: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, heavy (dense) at time of observation 55: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, heavy (dense) at time of observation 56: Drizzle, freezing, slight 57: Drizzle, freezing, moderate or heavy (dense) 58: Drizzle and rain, slight 59: Drizzle and rain, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60-69: Rain ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 61: Rain, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 62: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 63: Rain, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 64: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, heavy at time of observation 65: Rain, not freezing, continuous, heavy at time of observation 66: Rain, freezing, slight 67: Rain, freezing, moderate or heavy 68: Rain or drizzle and snow, slight 69: Rain or drizzle and snow, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70-79 Solid precipitation not in showers ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 71: Continuous fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 72: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 73: Continuous fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 74: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 75: Continuous fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 76: Diamond dust (with or without fog) 77: Snow grains (with or without fog) 78: Isolated star-like snow crystals (with or without fog) 79: Ice pellets ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80-99 Showery precipitation, or precipitation with current or recent thunderstorm ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80: Rain shower(s), slight 81: Rain shower(s), moderate or heavy 82: Rain shower(s), violent 83: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, slight 84: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 85: Show shower(s), slight 86: Snow shower(s), moderate or heavy 87: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, slight 88: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 89: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) , with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, slight 90: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets), with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, moderate or heavy 91: Slight rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 92: Moderate or heavy rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 93: Slight snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 94: Moderate or heavy snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail(Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 95: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 96: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 97: Thunderstorm, heavy, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 98: Thunderstorm combined with duststorm or sandstorm at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 99: Thunderstorm, heavy, with hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #5 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WX-M: Manual present weather header #6 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #6 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed manually. Length:2 Table of Values: 00-49 No precipitation at the station at the time of observation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00-19 No precipitation, fog, ice fog (except for 11 and 12), duststorm, sandstorm, drifting or blowing snow at the station at the time of observation or, except for 09 and 17, during the preceding hour. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00: Cloud development not observed or not observable 01: Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed 02: State of sky on the whole unchanged 03: Clouds generally forming or developing 04: Visibility reduced by smoke, e.g. veldt or forest fires, industrial smoke or volcanic ashes 05: Haze 06: Widespread dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation 07: Dust or sand raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation, but no well-developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s), and no duststorm or sandstorm seen or, in the case of ships, blowing spray at the station 08: Well developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s) seen at or near the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation, but no duststorm or sandstorm 09: Duststorm or sandstorm within sight at the time of observation, or at the station during the preceding hour 10: Mist 11: Patches of shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 12: More or less continuous shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 13: Lightning visible, no thunder heard 14: Precipitation within sight, not reaching the ground or the surface of the sea 15: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, but distant, i.e., estimated to be more than 5 km from the station 16: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, near to, but not at the station 17: Thunderstorm, but no precipitation at the time of observation 18: Squalls at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation 19: Funnel cloud(s) (Tornado cloud or waterspout) at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20-29 Precipitation, fog, ice fog or thunderstorm at the station during the preceding hour, but not at the time of observation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20: Drizzle (not freezing) or snow grains not falling as shower(s) 21: Rain (not freezing) not falling as shower(s) 22: Snow not falling as shower(s) 23: Rain and snow or ice pellets not falling as shower(s) 24: Freezing drizzle or freezing rain not falling as shower(s) 25: Shower(s) of rain 26: Shower(s) of snow or of rain and snow 27: Shower(s) of hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), or rain and hail 28: Fog or ice fog 29: Thunderstorm (with or without precipitation) 30: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 31: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 32: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 33: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 34: Severe duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 35: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 36: Slight or moderate drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 37: Heavy drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 38: Slight or moderate blowing snow generally high (above eye level) 39: Heavy blowing snow generally high (above eye level) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40-49 Fog or ice fog at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40: Fog or ice fog at a distance at the time of observation, but not at the station during the preceding hour, the fog or ice fog extending to a level above that of the observer 41: Fog or ice fog in patches 42: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 43: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 44: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 45: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 46: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 47: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 48: Fog, depositing rime, sky visible 49: Fog, depositing rime, sky invisible ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-99 Precipitation at the station at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-59 Drizzle ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 51: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 52: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 53: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 54: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, heavy (dense) at time of observation 55: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, heavy (dense) at time of observation 56: Drizzle, freezing, slight 57: Drizzle, freezing, moderate or heavy (dense) 58: Drizzle and rain, slight 59: Drizzle and rain, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60-69: Rain ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 61: Rain, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 62: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 63: Rain, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 64: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, heavy at time of observation 65: Rain, not freezing, continuous, heavy at time of observation 66: Rain, freezing, slight 67: Rain, freezing, moderate or heavy 68: Rain or drizzle and snow, slight 69: Rain or drizzle and snow, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70-79 Solid precipitation not in showers ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 71: Continuous fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 72: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 73: Continuous fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 74: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 75: Continuous fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 76: Diamond dust (with or without fog) 77: Snow grains (with or without fog) 78: Isolated star-like snow crystals (with or without fog) 79: Ice pellets ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80-99 Showery precipitation, or precipitation with current or recent thunderstorm ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80: Rain shower(s), slight 81: Rain shower(s), moderate or heavy 82: Rain shower(s), violent 83: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, slight 84: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 85: Show shower(s), slight 86: Snow shower(s), moderate or heavy 87: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, slight 88: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 89: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) , with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, slight 90: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets), with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, moderate or heavy 91: Slight rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 92: Moderate or heavy rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 93: Slight snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 94: Moderate or heavy snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail(Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 95: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 96: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 97: Thunderstorm, heavy, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 98: Thunderstorm combined with duststorm or sandstorm at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 99: Thunderstorm, heavy, with hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #6 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WX-M: Manual present weather header #7 WX: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION manual atmospheric condition code #7 The code that denotes a specific type of weather observed manually. Length:2 Table of Values: 00-49 No precipitation at the station at the time of observation ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00-19 No precipitation, fog, ice fog (except for 11 and 12), duststorm, sandstorm, drifting or blowing snow at the station at the time of observation or, except for 09 and 17, during the preceding hour. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 00: Cloud development not observed or not observable 01: Clouds generally dissolving or becoming less developed 02: State of sky on the whole unchanged 03: Clouds generally forming or developing 04: Visibility reduced by smoke, e.g. veldt or forest fires, industrial smoke or volcanic ashes 05: Haze 06: Widespread dust in suspension in the air, not raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation 07: Dust or sand raised by wind at or near the station at the time of observation, but no well-developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s), and no duststorm or sandstorm seen or, in the case of ships, blowing spray at the station 08: Well developed dust whirl(s) or sand whirl(s) seen at or near the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation, but no duststorm or sandstorm 09: Duststorm or sandstorm within sight at the time of observation, or at the station during the preceding hour 10: Mist 11: Patches of shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 12: More or less continuous shallow fog or ice fog at the station, whether on land or sea, not deeper than about 2 meters on land or 10 meters at sea 13: Lightning visible, no thunder heard 14: Precipitation within sight, not reaching the ground or the surface of the sea 15: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, but distant, i.e., estimated to be more than 5 km from the station 16: Precipitation within sight, reaching the ground or the surface of the sea, near to, but not at the station 17: Thunderstorm, but no precipitation at the time of observation 18: Squalls at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation 19: Funnel cloud(s) (Tornado cloud or waterspout) at or within sight of the station during the preceding hour or at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20-29 Precipitation, fog, ice fog or thunderstorm at the station during the preceding hour, but not at the time of observation. ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 20: Drizzle (not freezing) or snow grains not falling as shower(s) 21: Rain (not freezing) not falling as shower(s) 22: Snow not falling as shower(s) 23: Rain and snow or ice pellets not falling as shower(s) 24: Freezing drizzle or freezing rain not falling as shower(s) 25: Shower(s) of rain 26: Shower(s) of snow or of rain and snow 27: Shower(s) of hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), or rain and hail 28: Fog or ice fog 29: Thunderstorm (with or without precipitation) 30: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 31: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 32: Slight or moderate duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 33: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has decreased during the preceding hour 34: Severe duststorm or sandstorm no appreciable change during the preceding hour 35: Severe duststorm or sandstorm has begun or has increased during the preceding hour 36: Slight or moderate drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 37: Heavy drifting snow generally low (below eye level) 38: Slight or moderate blowing snow generally high (above eye level) 39: Heavy blowing snow generally high (above eye level) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40-49 Fog or ice fog at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 40: Fog or ice fog at a distance at the time of observation, but not at the station during the preceding hour, the fog or ice fog extending to a level above that of the observer 41: Fog or ice fog in patches 42: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 43: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has become thinner during the preceding hour 44: Fog or ice fog, sky visible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 45: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, no appreciable change during the preceding hour 46: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 47: Fog or ice fog, sky invisible, has begun or has become thicker during the preceding hour 48: Fog, depositing rime, sky visible 49: Fog, depositing rime, sky invisible ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-99 Precipitation at the station at the time of observation ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50-59 Drizzle ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 50: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 51: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 52: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 53: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 54: Drizzle, not freezing, intermittent, heavy (dense) at time of observation 55: Drizzle, not freezing, continuous, heavy (dense) at time of observation 56: Drizzle, freezing, slight 57: Drizzle, freezing, moderate or heavy (dense) 58: Drizzle and rain, slight 59: Drizzle and rain, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60-69: Rain ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 60: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, slight at time of observation 61: Rain, not freezing, continuous, slight at time of observation 62: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, moderate at time of observation 63: Rain, not freezing, continuous, moderate at time of observation 64: Rain, not freezing, intermittent, heavy at time of observation 65: Rain, not freezing, continuous, heavy at time of observation 66: Rain, freezing, slight 67: Rain, freezing, moderate or heavy 68: Rain or drizzle and snow, slight 69: Rain or drizzle and snow, moderate or heavy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70-79 Solid precipitation not in showers ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 70: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 71: Continuous fall of snowflakes, slight at time of observation 72: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 73: Continuous fall of snowflakes, moderate at time of observation 74: Intermittent fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 75: Continuous fall of snowflakes, heavy at time of observation 76: Diamond dust (with or without fog) 77: Snow grains (with or without fog) 78: Isolated star-like snow crystals (with or without fog) 79: Ice pellets ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80-99 Showery precipitation, or precipitation with current or recent thunderstorm ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 80: Rain shower(s), slight 81: Rain shower(s), moderate or heavy 82: Rain shower(s), violent 83: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, slight 84: Shower(s) of rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 85: Show shower(s), slight 86: Snow shower(s), moderate or heavy 87: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, slight 88: Shower(s) of snow pellets or small hail, with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, moderate or heavy 89: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) , with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, slight 90: Shower(s) of hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets), with or without rain or rain and snow mixed, not associated with thunder, moderate or heavy 91: Slight rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 92: Moderate or heavy rain at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 93: Slight snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 94: Moderate or heavy snow, or rain and snow mixed or hail(Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm during the preceding hour but not at time of observation 95: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 96: Thunderstorm, slight or moderate, with hail (hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 97: Thunderstorm, heavy, without hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets), but with rain and/or snow at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 98: Thunderstorm combined with duststorm or sandstorm at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation 99: Thunderstorm, heavy, with hail (Hail, small hail, snow pellets) at time of observation, thunderstorm at time of observation Q: PRESENT-WEATHER-OBSERVATION quality manual atmospheric condition code #7 The code that denotes a quality status of a reported present weather observation from a manual station. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WND-SUPP: Supplemental wind header #1 T: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION type code #1 The code that denotes a type of SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1 = Average speed of prevailing wind 2 = Mean wind speed 3 = Maximum instantaneous wind speed 4 = Maximum gust speed 5 = Maximum mean wind speed 6 = Maximum 1-minute mean wind speed PR: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION period quantity #1 The quantity of time over which a SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION occurred. Length:2 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 SPD: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed #1 The rate of horizontal speed of air reported in the SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Meters per Second Default Value:9999 Q: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed quality code #1 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed rate. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WND-SUPP: Supplemental wind header #2 T: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION type code #2 The code that denotes a type of SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1 = Average speed of prevailing wind 2 = Mean wind speed 3 = Maximum instantaneous wind speed 4 = Maximum gust speed 5 = Maximum mean wind speed 6 = Maximum 1-minute mean wind speed PR: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION period quantity #2 The quantity of time over which a SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION occurred. Length:2 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 SPD: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed #2 The rate of horizontal speed of air reported in the SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Meters per Second Default Value:9999 Q: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed quality code #2 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed rate. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present WND-SUPP: Supplemental wind header #3 T: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION type code #3 The code that denotes a type of SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 1 = Average speed of prevailing wind 2 = Mean wind speed 3 = Maximum instantaneous wind speed 4 = Maximum gust speed 5 = Maximum mean wind speed 6 = Maximum 1-minute mean wind speed PR: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION period quantity #3 The quantity of time over which a SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION occurred. Length:2 Unit:Hours Default Value:99 SPD: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed #3 The rate of horizontal speed of air reported in the SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Meters per Second Default Value:9999 Q: SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed quality code #3 The code that denotes a quality status of the reported SUPPLEMENTARY-WIND-OBSERVATION speed rate. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present GUST: Wind gust header SPD: WIND-GUST-OBSERVATION speed The rate of speed of a wind gust. Length:4 Scale:10 Unit:Meters per second Default Value:9999 Q: WIND-GUST-OBSERVATION quality code The code that denotes a quality status of a reported WIND-GUST-OBSERVATION speed rate. Length:1 Default Value:9 Table of Values: 0 = Passed gross limits check 1 = Passed all quality control checks 2 = Suspect 3 = Erroneous 4 = Passed gross limits check, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 5 = Passed all quality control checks, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 6 = Suspect, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 7 = Erroneous, from TD3280 or NCDC ASOS/AWOS 9 = Passed gross limits check if element is present